The Madhya Pradesh Council of Science & Technology (MAPCOST) was established in 1981 under the Department of Science and Technology, Government of Madhya Pradesh. It is an autonomous body, which has been registered under the M.P. Societies Registration Act of 1973. The General Body of the Council is chaired by the Chief Minister of the State.There are total 56 members in the General Body, comprising of ministers from development departments such as Water Resources, Public Works, Public Health, Forestry, Agriculture, Industries and Technical Education.

  The Directors of these departments are also the members of the Council. The chairman of the Council also nominates the four Vice-Chancellors of the State Universities, Eminent Scientists, Social Scientists, Doctors, Engineers etc. as the members of the Council. In the General Body there is also representation of National level scientific organisations.

The Executive head of M. P. Council of Science & Technology is the Director General. According to State government order the Director General is also the Science Advisor of the government of Madhya Pradesh.